- 7. Mai 2023
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Many, if not most artists of the day wanted to be just like him. William Gaines is interviewed quite a bit for them. Other states considering legalized gambling (including California) demurred, and states with some tolerance of various legal gambling schemes closed those loopholes. Email a Senate historian. They also give some absolutely stunning numbers on how well their comics sell and bash Wertham in the process. Congress. [citation needed] Kefauver became a nationally recognized figure,[5] and the committee enabled him to run for President of the United States in 1952 and 1956 (his runs failed, but he became his party's vice presidential nominee in 1956). Clark first put the proposition to the group in Las Vegas; they rebuffed him. Congress. The release of the book was followed by hearingscommonly referred to as the Kefauver Hearings after presiding senator Estes Kefauverbefore the Senate subcommittee on delinquency. E. D. Fulton - Member of the House of Commons in Canada, Mr. Samuel Black - Vice President Atlantic Coast Independent Distributors Association. He talks about the horrible comic books. I did try to go into business, he remarked, but there is nobody to do business with. He refused to admit that he accepted lay-off bets from out-of-state bookies. He knew Hank Greenspun, but not under his birth name of Herman. They lost to Dwight Eisenhower and Richard Nixon. The second subseries is a variety of financial records kept by Kefauver. An architect by trade, he came to Las Vegas in 1941 to design the Hotel Last Frontier for his uncle, R.E. He was unable to recall exactly how much he had invested in the Desert Inn, possibly a quarter-million dollars? Next, Senator Tobey grilled Moore on the moral characteristics of his fellow gambling entrepreneurs. Education and Public Welfare Division. Wiener confirmed that he was attorney for the Siegel estates executor, and that Siegels interest in the Golden Nugget race book had a value of zero. spelled with an H in the middle. Committee on Juvenile Crime, (Library of Congress Name Authority File), Halley, Rudolph, 1913-1956, (Library of Congress Name Authority File), Hudson Guild (New York, NY), (Library of Congress Name Authority File), Kefauver, Estes, 1903-1963, (Library of Congress Name Authority File), United States Committee on Fair Employment Practice, (Library of Congress Name Authority File), United States. [1] The term capo di tutti capi was introduced to the U.S. public by the Kefauver Commission. It retains its relevance today, particularly in Las Vegas, where The Mob Museum occupies the building in which the committee met during its sole trip to Las Vegas. Newsstand dealers insisted that it was a regular occurrence and it was why the crime and C,+VU) The Front Page of the report, with listing of the committee members and the table of contents. Intro to the Hearings, Descriptions of Crime and Horror Comic Book stories. Though he was unsuccessful in his bid for the presidency, in 1956 Democrats selected Kefauver as their vice presidential candidate. In December 1951 Americans selected Chairman Kefauver as one of 10 most admired men, joining a list of notables including Pope Pius XII, Albert Einstein, and Douglas MacArthur. That is all, Halley responded, dismissing Jones and turning to Wiener. Remembering Estes Kefauver, by Theodore Brown, Jr. and Robert B. Allen, The Progressive Populist, 1996, http://www.populist.com/96.10.kefauver.html. "I do not think any of you can possibly realize how much good it has done to have these hearings televised," wrote Mrs. Carl Johnson. Although Kefauver won the majority of Democratic primaries, he lost the nomination to Adlai Stevenson, who then lost the general election to General Dwight D. Eisenhower. Morning Session: The televised hearings became, in the words of Senator Kefauver, "a national crusade, a great debating forum, an arouser of public opinion on the state of the nation's morals." When she finished, she had to fight her way past the throng of scribes, slapping one female reporter in the face and cursing the photographers. Origins Clark started by sharing that he was a member of the corporation that owned Wilbur Clarks Desert Inn and an employee of the casino. | v3.0.1 The committee became popularly known as the Kefauver Committee because of its chairman, Senator Estes Kefauver. In addition to Costello, the committee interrogated a veritable who's who of the criminal underworld. By then the C.C.M.A. Jones was certain that neither Jack nor Meyer Lansky had ever directly or indirectly loaned any money to the Thunderbird. Moore broke in to blame the committee itself for killing the interstate race betting business. Advertising Notice 2 0 obj Below are links I made to all the testimony, going in order as they appeared. | READ MORE. Cahlan, Kefauver kept the rest of the committee and witnesses waiting until 11, then held a press conference before starting the hearings a half-hour later. To be perfectly frank, he said, you are all running around the country investigating the race horse book and the wire and closed down all those offices.. The entire metropolitan area had become obsessed with the drama. He also gives some ideas on how to censor comic books. There are 47 Campaign subseries. In Kansas City, the committee confronted, in Kefauver's words, a "place that was struggling out from under the rule of the law of the jungle." United States Senate. Kefauver's studied and balanced approach to his witnesses earned him the respect of many Americans. Colorful criminals, sweating and tapping their fingers nervously, seemed to step off the set of Hollywood gangster movies, speaking in broken English, under oath, about their activities. He shared his story: born in Poland, naturalized as a citizen in 1914, a resident of New York City until 1938, Los Angeles from 1938 to 1940, and Las Vegas from 1941 onward. The materials are arranged alphabetically by 85 subjects, from Advertising to Youth. Superman, Tarzan, Crime and Horror books, etc.. Kaltenborn testified that an Internal Revenue Board employee had attempted to shake him down, but couldnt offer proof. When asked by the Committee to name one thing hed done for his country, Costello snapped, Paid my tax! The Los Angeles Times said it was the greatest TV show television has ever aired, and Variety estimated that ratings were among the highest ever achieved to that time. There were also Politicians from Canada, Dr. Laura Bender - Psychiatrist working for DC Comics [3], On January 5, 1950, Senator Estes Kefauver (D-Tennessee) introduced a resolution that would allow the Senate Committee on the Judiciary to investigate organized crime's role in interstate commerce. It retains its relevance today, particularly in Las Vegas, where The Mob Museum occupies the building in which the committee met during its sole trip to Las Vegas. Former New York City mayor William O'Dwyer testified to allegations of corruption during his tenure. This series also appears to hold at least some of Kefauver's weekly television and radio messages to Tennesseans. 4 0 obj Morning Session: One of them that provides access to selected transcripts is Federal News Service. Henry Edward Schultz - General Counsel, Association of Comic Magazine Publishers, Inc., New York, N. Y. Betsey B. Creekmore Special Collections and University Archives, University of Tennessee, Knoxville. That is no sign he shouldnt have a license in a state where it is legal. This was a basic policy of the Tax Commission. New York and New Jersey, various doctors and educators, Comic Strip artists and Fredric Wertham himself HTML menu inserted here for WCAG 2.1 AA accessibility compliance. Slain Bugsy Siegels Girl Friend Steals Senate Crime Inquiry Show, by Emanuel Perlmutter, New York Times, March 16, 1951. [13][14] The first one of these was The Captive City (1952), which had the blessing of senator Kefauver himself: Director Robert Wise took a print of the film to D.C. to show the senator, who not only endorsed it but even appears in the prologue and epilogue, cautioning audiences about the evils of organized crime. Television viewers were riveted, in part, by the cast of characters called to testify before the committee. As Clark began explaining how the fellows from Cleveland had come into his project, Halley interrupted him, demanding that he try to be a bit more businesslike in explaining these series of transactions. Clark did his best, describing how he had approached the group which included Sam Tucker, Moe Dalitz, Morris Kleinman and Thomas McGinty for their help in finishing the Desert Inn. Halley queried him about how much he paid for each interest and the ownership structure of the Thunderbird. Lawyers for the Committee arrived ahead of the chairman, terrifying local law enforcement as the committee drew up subpoenas and prepared for hearings to be broadcast on both television and radio. After Moore explained that the Commission had just denied a license to Joseph Doc Stacher because of his associates in New Jersey, Kefauver thanked and excused Moore. This was called tie tn sales. None of the witnesses made the impact of Frank Costello, who started out by refusing to testify because, he said, the microphones would prohibit him from privately consulting with his attorney, sitting next to him. The Committee went west to Los Angeles, taking testimony from a handcuffed Allen Smiley, one of mobster Benjamin Bugsy Siegels former associates. Published: November 10th, 2020 - By David G. Schwartz, Contributing Writer, Senator Estes Kefauver, left, talks with Nevada Lieutenant Governor Cliff Jones, who was interviewed by the committee on November 15, 1950. Popularly known as the Kefauver Committee after its telegenic chairman, the committee captivated the nation in 1950-1951 with its televised hearings. Series XVII: Memorabilia | Oh, and there are NO tie in sales. What about this one? Firemen's Head Claims Ex-Mayor Got $10,000, Committee Hears Hoover and McGrath in Capital, Contact | It was common knowledge in town. Viewers watched incredulously as a cadre of individuals representing the underworld of interstate bookmaking and gambling interests offered details of their sordid business arrangements. He really hates anything "indecent." E. D. Fulton - Member of the House of Commons in Canada. Mr. Benjamin Freedman - Chairman of the Board, Newsdealers Association of Greater New York and America. After doing all the things called wrong, there she was on top of the world, with a beautiful home in Miami Beach and a handsome husband and baby!. 2023 Smithsonian Magazine Articles: Frank Costellos Hands: Film, Television and the Kefauver Crime Hearings, by Thomas Doherty, Film History, Volume 10, No. David G. Schwartz is the author of several works of history about Las Vegas, including At the Sands: The Casino That Shaped Classic Las Vegas, Brought the Rat Pack Together, and Went Out with a Bang; Grandissimo: The First Emperor of Las Vegas; Suburban Xanadu: The Casino Resort on the Las Vegas Strip and Beyond; and Roll the Bones: The History of Gambling. Estes Kefauver Papers, MPA-0144. Nor had he ever heard the name of Costello associate Phil Kastel. A psychiatrist that deals with Juvenile Delinquents that is "in the middle of the road." Terry and the Pirates, then Steve Canyon. Mr. Alex Segal - President, Stravon Publications. The hearings were held between 1957 and 1959. The tour began quietly in January of 1951, but by February, in a serene postwar America where house and apartment doors were not always locked, Kefauver Fever gripped the nation, and the perception of a ubiquitous underground crime wave added to the countrys anxieties over communism and nuclear confrontation during the Cold War. Press releases, speeches, article drafts, and government publications penned by politician Estes Kefauver and colleagues on the organized crime and juvenile delinquency commissions are included in this collection. Joseph Musial worked for both King Features Syndicate and the National Cartoonist Society. Send us corrections Comments 0. Up next was Reno Police chief Lawrence Russell Greeson, who had investigated New Jersey gambling figure Joseph Doc Stacher. He calls them trash and wants a law to for DC and Fawcett. That said, there are many mistakes in here - made by the original 1954 transcriber. This committee became known to the public as the Kefauver Hearings, as freshman Tennessee senator Estes Kefauver, a Democrat, chaired it. WNYC has released the first day of the hearings, April 21, 1954. The two sides went back and forth on this issue. Series I: Subject Matter File (1933 - 1964) contains correspondence, memoranda, reports, reference materials and other documents gathered or created during Kefauver's legislative work. Series XXI: Posthumous material, The Modern Political Archives are housed at the Howard H. Baker Center for Public Policy. 1991-2578) Part 8 (pp. They included: Kefauver; Herbert O'Conor (Maryland), Lester C. Hunt (Wyoming), Alexander Wiley (Wisconsin), and Charles W. Tobey (New Hampshire). . During an intense period of questioning by Rudolph Halley, Costello's hands "twisted and clenched," according to one account, "revealing [his] inner fears and confusion." With that explanation, Kefauver thanked and excused Jones and Wiener. "Stenographic transcript of hearings before the Special Committee to Investigate Organized Crime in Interstate Commerce. You'll notice that Fulton's contribution to the hearings is labeled as a Statement and not a Testimony. [4][6] Many of the committee's hearings were televised live on national television to large audiences, providing many Americans with their first glimpse of organized crime's influence in the U.S.[1][5][7] Among the more notorious figures who appeared before the committee were Tony "Joe Batters" Accardo, Louis "Little New York" Campagna, Mickey Cohen, Willie Moretti, Frank Costello, Jake "Greasy Thumb" Guzik, Meyer Lansky, Paul "The Waiter" Ricca,[6][8] Virginia Hill (former Joe Adonis-Chicago Outfit messenger and mobster Benjamin Siegel's girlfriend), and four of Irish mob boss Enoch "Nucky" Johnson's former policemen in Atlantic City were also called forth. He was also president of the National Cartoonist Society, a group of popular comic strip creators. On live television, the cameras zoomed in on the mobsters meaty hands as he nervously fingered the eyeglasses resting on the table, or moved to dab a handkerchief to his off-screen face as he dodged question after question, making him appear all the more sinister to daytime viewers.
